Rapid COVID-19 Testing Likely to Be Part of Resumption of Cruising

Can the cruise industry really recover from coronavirus?
Swab test before boarding.
Rapid COVID-19 testing is emerging as a likely strategy, as lines look to tweak health and safety protocols in order to resume sailings.

Speaking to investors on its second-quarter earnings call, Royal Caribbean president and CEO Michael Bayley stated that rapid testing for COVID-19 is something the line is seriously considering for its brands, which include Azamara, Celebrity, Royal Caribbean, and ultra-luxury line Silversea.

“Particularly as it relates to the Caribbean…testing is very much at the front of how people are thinking of protocols for returning,” Bayley said.

A number of Caribbean nations already require travellers to obtain COVID-19 negative testing — either rapid, molecular or PCR — prior to arrival; measures that will make rapid testing almost a necessity for cruising to resume in the region. This includes countries like Barbados, Turks & Caicos, and Dominica.

Also included are overseas territories like the U.S. Virgin Islands, which

of a COVID-negative test for visitors residing in states that have higher than 10 per cent positivity rate

according to data supplied

by Johns Hopkins University. As of this writing, that includes the states of Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Kansas, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, South Carolina Texas, and Washington.

Rapid Testing ” Would Make a Huge Difference”

Boarding Area on MSC (Photo: Cruise Critic)

Other cruise lines also see rapid COVID testing as a way for the cruise industry to move forward.

In announcing its recent limited restart of cruising in the Mediterranean for Schengen Zone (European Union) residents, MSC Cruises stated that COVID-19 testing will be a mandatory part of the embarkation process. Under the new protocols, passengers will be given a temperature check, a health questionnaire and a COVID-19 swab test at embarkation.

Passengers who test positive from either the swab test or who or display symptoms will be denied boarding.

Rapid testing could have prevented the situation that UnCruise Adventures found itself in, as the small ship line attempted to restart cruising in Alaska.

In that instance, a passenger who initially tested negative for COVID-19 72 hours prior ended up testing positive when tested at Juneau Airport. Those results took two days to come back, by which time the passenger was already on board and at sea. The ship was forced to turn around, with other passengers quarantined.

On August 13, UnCruise revealed that there was no spread of COVID-19 aboard Wilderness Adventurer, with the passenger in question subsequently testing negative for the virus.

Wilderness Adventurer
“We know that rapid testing is out there but it’s not typically available for companies of our size,” UnCruise president and CEO Dan Blanchard media on a call during the afternoon of August 13. “I’m told the test kits are available, but the analyzers are not. It’s probably not too long before rapid testing is widely available, but of course, it has to be effective rapid testing.”

While noting that no test for COVID-19 is currently one hundred per cent accurate, Blanchard says the high degree of reliability of most rapid tests, combined with the relatively low wait time is crucial to restarting tourism and the economy and helping to slow the spread of the virus.

“Rapid testing, in my mind, would make a huge difference,” he added. “If we’d had a rapid tester at the Juneau airport and it had a four-hour return on it, that would make the difference between boarding that guest and not boarding that guest.”

For his part, Blanchard is adamant that the positive diagnosis obtained in Juneau for the passenger in question has to be taken seriously, regardless of the subsequent negative test.

“What we’re going forward with, as far as the rumour mill goes, we are letting that false-positive sit to the side because we believe we have to follow science and not public opinion,” he said. Blanchard noted that once news of the infection broke, “It just killed us.”

Earlier at the start of the global health crisis, Blanchard’s UnCruise and a handful of other local U.S. operators formed a coalition to advocate for the cruise industry within the United States. Blanchard says that focus is now directed at pressing government officials for better access to rapid testing equipment.

“We are in constant contact with our Senators in Alaska and congresspeople with Alaska and Washington, so they are aware of the situation,” said Blanchard.  “They are aware of the need for a nationwide rapid-testing program.”

What Is Rapid COVID-19 Testing?

Public Health Notice in London's Heathrow Airport (Photo: Adam Coulter/Cruise Critic)

While rare at first (and still hard to get in some areas), COVID-19 testing is slowly becoming a fact of life in specific instances in the United States and around the world.

In the United States, some medical procedures require a COVID-19 test, while students returning to college are often being required to submit to frequent tests as a pre-requisite before living in dorms. Some essential workers, too, have taken regular COVID-19 tests throughout the pandemic, while some states with low virus rates, such as Massachusetts and Maine, require negative tests for entry.

But many of those tests still have lagging return times.

“There’s clearly a need for more good-quality molecular testing, especially rapid handheld diagnostics,” Sergio Carmona, chief access officer with Geneva’s Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND),

told Chemical and Engineering News

this month.

The definition of a rapid point-of-care test, according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines issued on August 5, mandates that results should be delivered in under 40 minutes and must have a true negative rate of at least 97 per cent. A test should cost less than $20, and machines should be priced at under $3,000.

Several companies have already developed rapid testing machines with these exact specifications. San Diego-based Mesa Biotech’s Accula system provides test results in roughly half an hour, and the device only costs a few hundred dollars, with cartridges priced around $20. Nearly 2,000 of the devices are currently in use, with more on the way.

Because these are point-of-care tests, results are delivered on-location, with no need to send testing away to local laboratories.

There are numerous other manufacturers around the world that have either developed or are developing rapid testing devices. The implications of these reach far beyond cruising’s sphere; a mining company in Canada recently announced it would begin utilizing the devices to test workers, while the

UK government has revealed

it will roll out rapid COVID-19 testing throughout hospitals, care homes and labs beginning this month.

The devices selected by the UK can also detect other winter viruses like the flu and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and do not require a trained health professional to operate them.

As these rapid point-of-care tests increase in availability, the likelihood of them being used in airports, cruise ports, and other travel-related industries increases dramatically.

Cruise Critic Members Supportive

Temperature check on A-ROSA Alva (Photo: Franz Neumeier)

Cruise Critic members are overwhelmingly supportive of rapid-COVID 19 testings as a condition of embarkation.

In an informal poll started by member molly361 on the Royal Caribbean board, 84.4 per cent of the 141 respondents stated they would support taking a rapid COVID-19 test in order to cruise. A total of 10.64 per cent of respondents said they would not concede to a test, while 4.96 per cent were undecided.

“I really had not thought about COVID testing,” writes molly361. ” I was hung up on not wanting to wear a mask on vacation.”

“Why would anyone object to a COVID test,” writes compman9. “What possible harm can a check if you have a deadly disease be objectionable?”

“No problem taking a test, but I think other steps would also be necessary since the test is only one part of the story,” writes yogimax.

Rapid Testing Not Set In Stone

Variety Cruises' Galileo in Greece (Photo: Adam Coulter/Cruise Critic)

Royal Caribbean’s Bayley was quick to note that firm health and safety protocols requiring the use of rapid COVID-19 testing as a condition of sailing have not yet been set in stone but again reiterated that for certain destinations its usage would make sense.

“Testing is part of the thinking, but we have not yet reached a point in our protocols where we’re ready to publish and release for discussion,” concluded Bayley. “Discussions are underway. We have a degree of confidence in the Healthy Sail panel that we’ve formed and all of our protocols are under review with the panel.”

If implemented, rapid COVID-19 tests would still be used in conjunction with other health and safety measures, like masks and social distancing. Royal Caribbean Chairman and CEO Richard Fain have previously stated that masks will most likely play a role in cruising’s immediate return to service.

“One of the things the CDC (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) has emphasized is the simple solution of people wearing masks would make a huge difference,” Fain said during a coffee chat for travel advisors with Vicki Freed, senior vice president of Sales, Trade Support and Service, on July 15. ” It’s remarkable how effective it (masks) can be. And it’s very simple. I now have to add, ‘Wear the Mask.'”

Covid cases on ships show how complex the restart can be

MS Paul Gauguin Cruise Ship - YouTube

The global cruise industry took one step forward and two steps back this weekend in its quest to resume sailings after the pandemic grounded fleets worldwide.

One ship, UnCruise Adventures’ Wilderness Adventurer, on Saturday, became the first cruise line to resume overnight cruising in the U.S. since cruise lines halted operations in March. The vessel departed Juneau with 37 passengers and 30 crew for a seven-day cruise on the line’s Glacier Bay Adventure itinerary.

UnCruise celebrated the milestone on social media. “Normally there are 1.1 million cruise ship visitors to Juneau. Today the first 36 depart,” UnCruise said in a Facebook post. In an accompanying video of CEO Dan Blanchard with the ship at the dock, he said, “For all of Juneau, all of Alaska, we celebrate with you.”

But from two other ships, separated by 11 time zones, the news was not good. In Tahiti, a passenger on Paul Gauguin’s first cruise for international visitors tested positive for Covid-19. In Norway, Hurtigruten said that 36 of the 158 crew on the Roald Amundsen had tested positive.

The Paul Gaugin returned to Papeete, Tahiti, and passengers and crew were quarantined onboard. Hurtigruten temporarily suspended all expedition sailings on three of its ships in response to the Covid-19 outbreak on the Roald Amundsen.

So while one cruise line and one state celebrated what they hope to be the beginning of the end of the drought on overnight cruising, the outbreaks are a reminder that the industry faces many hurdles and roadblocks to a widespread resumption of operations.

“We have not been good enough, and we have made mistakes,” Daniel Skjeldam, CEO of Hurtigruten, said in a statement widely quoted in the European press about the outbreak, adding that “a preliminary evaluation shows a breakdown in several of our internal procedures.”

For Dan Blanchard, speaking from Juneau Saturday, the news from Norway was sobering, but he was still certain of his line’s ability to safely carry out the five additional sailings it has on the calendar.

At Least 40 Test Positive from MS Roald Amundsen COVID-19 Outbreak

“Even though the [Roald Amundsen] is a small ship, it’s monumentally bigger than our boats, in both capacity and crew,” he said. He also believes the precautions UnCruise is taking go beyond what other lines have in place. “Not only do we require testing from the state of Alaska, but we’ve had crew for over a month quarantined on the boat getting it ready.”

“If we protect the crew we protect the guests and vice versa,” he said.

What really sets UnCruise apart, he said, is the nature of its itineraries, which the line calls “adventure cruises.”

Blanchard said that the ship isn’t doing any port calls, and passengers are off the vessel for most of the day on excursions. “That’s unique to us as a company, and it just works out that it’s the right thing for today.”

UnCruise vessels, he said, are “more of a floating basecamp. Even with Hurtigruten, they are visiting small towns. It’s hard to compare apples to apples.”

But he acknowledged that nothing is risk-free.

“We realize there is definitely risk involved, and so do our passengers travelling with us,” he said. “But everyone also realizes with 37 guests and 28 crew spaced out and crew not even in crew quarters  they are staying in guest quarters — and being off the boat improves the odds greatly and maybe the new norms in what has to happen until we get a vaccine.”

Canada implements cruise restriction

Alaska cruises from Seattle must call in Victoria, B.C., in accordance with U.S. cabotage laws.
Alaska cruises from Seattle must call in Victoria, B.C., in accordance with U.S. cabotage laws.

Canada’s government will restrict cruise ships with more than 500 passengers from calling at its ports until at least July 1, delaying the start of the Alaska cruise season for most large ship lines.

The decision will impact Alaska cruises from Seattle that have to call in Victoria, B.C., in accordance with U.S. cabotage laws requiring foreign-flagged ships sailing from U.S. ports to call in a foreign port before returning to the U.S.

Small-ship lines that operate in Alaska with U.S.-flagged ships such as Lindblad Expeditions, Alaska Dream Cruises, Uncruise Adventures and American Cruise Lines will not be impacted.

The restriction won’t impact Canada/New England cruise itineraries, as that season starts after July 1.

More than 140 cruise ships from 10 countries docked in Canada last year, Canada said, bringing at least 2 million travellers to the country. The country also deferred all cruise vessel calls in the Canadian Arctic for the entire cruise season this year, citing the limited public health capacity in Canada’s Northern communities.

Canada’s chief public health officer has already issued a health advisory recommending that Canadians avoid going on cruise ships.

“There is no immediate solution to allow cruise ships to operate in Canada while adequately containing the public health risk associated with Covid-19, other than delaying the start of the cruise ship season,” said Canada Minister of Transport Marc Garneau. “We do not take these decisions lightly and will continue to reassess as the situation evolves.”